How do Arab Writers Interact With Their Readers? An Analysis of the Use of Metadiscourse Markers

A considerable body of research has investigated the use metadiscourse in academic writing different languages, and it is assumed literature that language- culture-specific. However, little how Arab writers interact with their readers Arabic articles (RAs). Thus, following Hyland’s (2005) models, this study explores interactional introductions 94 RAs totalling 88,350 words published between 2013-2022. Findings showed tend to establish a relationship involve them as discourse participants through inclusive pronoun naḥnu نحن ‘we’ rhetorical forms. used both grammatical lexical items express views confidence high degree commitment. They were found reader-accuracy markers mitigate arguments. They, however, appeared not evaluate what presented personal feelings, might be due sociocultural reasons, which requires further investigation.